Desertification results from complex human-environment interactions coupled with biophysical, social, economic, and political systems. Desertification has increased in African drylands in recent decades, led by land-use change, climatic variability, and poor land management practices. Policy responses and integrated land management practices, as well as indigenous and local knowledge, are needed to consider the complex and multifaceted nature of the causes and effects of desertification. An overview of the status of desertification in Africa together with the methods of evaluation are discussed in this paper together with the implementation of the most adequate measures.