Land and water are fundamental land-based resources for livelihoods and food security in Africa. Sixty percent (60%) of people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) derive their livelihoods from land and its resources. The degradation and unsustainable use of natural resources, particularly land and water, undermines the vital role these resources play in agriculture production and rural development across the continent, thus significantly contributing to the persistent and high food insecurity levels. The Sustainable Land and Water Management (SLWM) which comprises a suite of technologies and practices are crucial in promoting land, water, biodiversity, and environmental management. The paper presents status and trends, principles and best practices, case studies as well as final recommendations.